Security | - Microsoft Security Essentials
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This may be the best free product ever from Microsoft, and it was chosen as Gizmo's Freeware 2010 Product of the Year. MSE is a free anti-malware program with an interface ideal for average users, and effectiveness ideal for advanced users as well. Its interface is simple and unobtrusive, and when it detects threats, it displays messages that are meaningful and easy to understand. It is light on resources, receives regular updates, and has exceptional detection rates. You can perform scans on demand, but it also continuously guards your system with real-time protection. The recent release of version 2 adds more features, including a "Network Inspection System" and a heuristics engine for a more comprehensive set of protective measures. Another feature added in the new version is the ability to adjust the maximum CPU usage the scanner uses – this is particularly useful if the computer in question is underpowered and the scanner needs to use less resources. Overall, MSE is an excellent product that rivals even some commercial antivirus software. (Review)
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- Microsoft Safety Scanner
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This tool scans your computer for all types of malware threats and removes them if found. Unlike the Malicious Software Removal Tool which targets specific threats, Microsoft Safety Scanner includes complete definitions and looks for all viruses and malware. Because of this, however, the download is about 70MB large and expires after ten days - this is to ensure that an updated version is always used. The intended use of this tool is for emergency situations where installed security software has failed to detect/remove threats. It is true that other products serve this purpose, like Malwarebytes and SuperAntiSpyware, but it is nice to have options.
- Malicious Software Removal Tool
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This tool scans your computer for specific widespread virus threats and removes them if found. It is downloaded and executed in the background monthly via Windows Update, but you can download and run it on demand.
| - Microsoft Standalone System Sweeper Beta
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3 and up - please see additional requirements listed here
This new offering from Microsoft allows you to create a bootable rescue system on a CD or USB flash drive (you can also create an ISO file as well). The rescue system contains a malware scanner that looks for all kinds of malware, including viruses, trojans, rootkits and more. For users who install it on a USB flash stick, you can update the definitions periodically by running the executable again. As with other rescue systems, the intended use for this tool is to save computers that are so infected they aren't bootable, usable, or can't be fixed with antivirus software installed on the system.
Some notes: First, please be aware this is a beta version so it may not be as stable or polished as the finished product will be. Second, choose the architecture (32- or 64-bit) that matches the computer on which you will be booting the rescue system. Third, XP users cannot generate ISO files unless IMAPIv2.0 is installed - you can find it here: 32-bit | 64-bit
| - Rootkit Revealer
System Requirements: Windows XP 32-bit only
I was originally exluding this from the list because it only works on XP and it doesn't remove the rootkits - the world has been gradually moving away from XP, and other software exists that is capable of detecting and removing rootkits (Microsoft Security Essentials does this remarkably well). However, I've included it because it is popular, lightweight, and really does what it does well. Just note that scan results don't guarantee the presence of rootkits, so please don't try acting upon them unless you're an expert.
| - Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
System Requirements: Windows 2000 and up
This tool analyzes a computer and provides a summary of how secure or insecure it is. Some of the things it checks for are security updates that have not yet been installed, settings that are not recommended (such as weak passwords, disabled firewall, etc), running services that may not be necessary, network shares, and more. This program can be a valuable tool for IT professionals, but it can also help average users who want to make sure their computers are as secure as possible.
| - Promqry
System Requirements: Windows 2000, XP only
This small utility is geared more toward IT professionals. It is used to query network computers to determine if they're running network sniffers (programs that are listening to network traffic, possibly to steal passwords and other information). It does have several limitations, but it can still be a valuable tool in detecting suspicious network behavior. Both gui and command line versions are available.
| - Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET)
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3; Vista SP1 or later; Windows 7
This toolkit helps prevent security flaws in software from being exploited. It does this by employing various security mitigation technologies. This is especially useful when applied to older applications that have a multitude of security flaws, but it works for newer applications too. Its ease of use and high degree of configurability make EMET a valuable tool. Just be aware that some processes may break when certain mitigations are applied, so make sure your software works after applying them. Also note that you do not need to keep the main program running for your applications to be protected.
| - Windows Live Family Safety
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up; Click here for the XP version
Family Safety is a parental control program for filtering web content. It can also restrict email contacts. It has an activity log that allows you to see who tries to access which sites, and activity across multiple PCs with Family Safety installed can be collected in the same log.
| - Service packs are extremely important for the security and stability of the Windows operating systems. With a few exceptions (e.g. testing environments, rare occurrence of software incompatibility), it is always recommended to have the latest service pack installed, preferably through Windows Update. For those who have machines that for some reason can't use Windows Update, here are links to the various service packs available.
- Windows XP - SP1a | SP2 | SP3
- Windows XP Pro 64-bit - SP2
- Windows Vista 32-bit - SP1 | SP2
- Windows Vista 64-bit - SP1 | SP2
- Windows 7 - SP1 (validation required | KB976902 must be installed first)
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| - Internet Explorer 9
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up
Internet Explorer has long been troubled, unable to keep up with other browsers in several areas, particularly in speed, security, and support for newer web features. Internet Explorer 9 looks to change all that, boasting a wealth of improvements over IE8. It starts much faster, it loads web pages much faster, and it takes full advantage of hardware acceleration wherever possible. It includes a download manager (with pause/resume), and it has a startup manager for add-ons that lets you see which add-ons use the most resources and disable them if needed. The interface has been revamped and is simpler - the address bar now doubles as a search bar (like in Chrome), tabs are on the same row as the address bar by default (this can be changed), and the buttons have been shrunk and rearranged. Also, its improved support for standards like CSS 3 and HTML 5 allow web designers to deliver a richer online experience to IE users. As for security, Microsoft has added protective measures against pop-ups, phishing sites, and suspicious downloads. A sandbox mode has also been added, which can help keep malware contained and prevent it from affecting your system. I can't say whether it will outdo Firefox or Chrome, but it definitely looks to redeem Internet Explorer as a viable browser. (Review)
| - Windows Live Mesh
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up
Mesh is a synchronization program that lets you synchronize files, folders, and settings for IE and Office between different machines over the Internet. You can also sync up to 5GB of files and folders onto your SkyDrive online storage. Additionally, if you log into your Live account, you can see a list of your computers that have Mesh installed, and you can remotely control any that are currently running Mesh (this feature must be manually enabled in Mesh, and Internet Explorer is required). In my experience, the remote control is not as fast or smooth as TeamViewer, but it does work well and is a nice feature to have bundled with the synchronization functionality.
| - Windows Live Mail
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up; Click here for the XP version
Mail is actually a decent program and is similar to Outlook. It supports multiple email accounts, RSS feeds and a calendar all combined in one attractive application.
| - Windows Live Messenger
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up; Click here for the XP version
Messenger has the standard features expected of an instant messenger client, but it also has integration support for social networks (Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn) and a photo viewer for shared albums on SkyDrive and Facebook. Messenger Companion is an add-on that lets you share links to websites with friends, who in turn can share comments on these links.
| - Windows Live Writer
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up; Click here for the XP version
Writer provides an easy way to create and publish blog entries. It has the standard formatting features, and you can add links, pictures, videos, maps, and more. It integrates with many popular blog sites, including Blogger, WordPress, SharePoint, and several others.
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| - Sysinternals Suite
System Requirements: Windows XP and up for all tools except RAMMap (Vista and up); some tools won't run on 64-bit systems
This suite contains a long list of a variety of system utilities and troubleshooting tools, from system monitors to disk tools to maintenance. Some of them are listed separately in this article.
| - Autoruns
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
Arguably the best tool of its kind, Autoruns gives you complete control over the things that run when you start Windows, including items in the Startup folder and items listed in the Registry. It can be useful for optimizing the speed of your system by letting you disable unnecessary programs, and it can also help combat certain types of malware that run when Windows starts. This is a must-have for any computer repair kit. (Review)
| - Process Explorer
System Requirements: Windows XP and up, including IA64
An advanced process viewer. Process Explorer was once the best tool of its kind, but it is still useful for anyone who wants something better than Task Manager but doesn't need all the whistles and bells. It lists all running processes in a hierarchical format, you can restart, suspend or kill processes, you can kill process trees, and you can set process priorities. It also lets you view threads, strings, and other details about processes. It displays CPU and memory usage, and you can configure tray icons to show these as well. You can optionally configure it to replace Task Manager. (Review)
| - Process Monitor
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This advanced monitoring tool displays and logs file system, Registry and process activity in real-time. You can filter the data by any field, and you can export it in csv and xml formats as well as the Process Monitor pml format. With these features and plenty more, Process Monitor can be a powerful tool in the hands of advanced users for troubleshooting problems or fighting malware.
| - BGInfo
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This tool prints various system information and statistics to your desktop background. You can choose from a list of different details to show, and advanced users can add custom ones as well. The appearence is also completely customizable. I personally find this extremely useful for monitoring servers at work. Just to clarify, it displays the information as snapshots and is NOT a real-time monitoring utility.
| - AccessEnum
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This tool provides a quick and easy way to see what users have what permissions to files, folders and registry keys. If you find a permission that needs to be changed, you can right-click the item from within the program and view its properties.
| - Autoplay Repair Wizard
System Requirements: Windows XP/2003 only
This utility is used to fix invalid or broken autoplay settings for CD, USB or other drives.
| - Tweak UI
System Requirements: Windows XP only
One of the PowerToys for Windows XP, Tweak UI lets you change various settings to the appearance and behavior of the user interface. For most users, these settings would otherwise be unavailable for adjustment.
| - Windows Search 4.0
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
A search tool that uses indexing to allow quick searching for files. You can search local or network folders, and you can modify exactly which folders are included and excluded. By default it adds a search toolbar to the taskbar, and it can be closed if desired. The main search window includes a preview pane, and it lets you finetune your search by choosing which type of files you're looking for. It isn't the fanciest search tool out there, but it certainly is a viable option for some and it can be installed via Windows Update.
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| - Open Command Window Here
System Requirements: Windows XP only
One of the PowerToys for Windows XP, this adds an entry to the menu when you right-click a folder - it allows you to open a Command Prompt window at that particular folder, which can be quite convenient. One annoying detail is that it does not work if you right-click empty space within an Explorer window - you have to go up one folder and then right-click the folder to get there. It is worth noting that this functionality is built-in for Windows Vista and 7 (hold SHIFT while right-clicking to access it).
| - Alt-Tab Replacement
System Requirements: Windows XP only
One of the PowerToys for Windows XP, this replaces the standard interface that appears when you press Alt + Tab to switch windows and it includes window previews. It's really nice, but just be aware that it runs in the background at all times (the memory footprint is about half a MB on my system).
| - Virtual Desktop Manager
System Requirements: Windows XP only
One of the PowerToys for Windows XP, this tool lets you manage up to four desktops, in which you can set different backgrounds and run different programs. After installing it, to enable it you right-click the taskbar, select Toolbars, then click Desktop Manager. To access the options, simply right-click anywhere on the toolbar. For each desktop to have its own set of running programs, ensure that the "Shared Desktops" option is disabled. Other programs offer more advanced features, but this one is perfect if you're just looking for basic functionality.
| - ZoomIt
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This screen zoom and annotation tool is perfect for presentations and demonstrations. Annotations can be made with a free-hand draw tool as well as text.
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| - *Microsoft GIF Animator
System Requirements: Windows 95 and up
*Requires a Cnet download. Warning: Downloads from Cnet (Download.com) require the use of a proprietary installer.
This program is no longer supported by Microsoft or even hosted on their site, but it serves its purpose well as a simple GIF animation creator. You can create new frames from the clipboard or from files, you can set the duration of individual frames, you can configure looping and transparency, and a few other features. It isn't very fancy, but it does about everything you need if you create your frames in a separate program like Paint or Photoshop. (Review)
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- Microsoft Image Composite Editor (ICE)
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This is a panorama stitcher – it takes a group of overlapping photos and uses them to form a panoramic image. When started writing this list, I had not previously used Microsoft ICE. I was eager to try it out since it has received so much praise. I took a few quick photos of my office with my cell phone and fed them to ICE, and I was amazed – they were stitched together nearly perfectly and the exposure was blended across the whole image. ICE allows you to do some additional things, such as crop the panorama, change the panorama rotation, choose between planar, cylindrical or spherical projection, and save in several different formats, including JPEG, TIFF, BMP, PNG, HD Photo, and Silverlight Deep Zoom. You can also upload and share your panoramas on the Microsoft Photosynth website, where others can view them interactively by rotating and zooming, even panoramas that are full 360 degrees (Microsoft SilverLight is required to use Photosynth). Needless to say, there are many awesome examples that show off the power of ICE on Photosynth, examples that weren't taken with cell phone cameras. (Review)
- Image Resizer
System Requirements: Windows XP only
One of the PowerToys for Windows XP, Image Resizer lets you quickly resize one or multiple images to fit within a certain length and width. You right-click on the file(s) and select "Resize pictures" to bring up a simple interface, where you can select one of four pre-set sizes, or specify your own. You can also choose whether to save over the original files or create new files.
| - Windows Live Photo Gallery
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up; Click here for the XP version
Photo Gallery lets you organize, tag, upload, and edit your photos, among other features. The editing features are no replacement for programs like Photoshop, but they are handy for quick and easy alterations. (Review)
| - Windows Live Movie Maker
System Requirements: Windows Vista and up (XP users can find "Windows Movie Maker" in their Programs menu, but the features are not all the same)
Movie Maker doesn't boast a set of advanced features, but the features it includes are sufficient for many users and are ideal for putting together slide shows and short videos. Plus, you can use it to publish your videos on SkyDrive, Youtube, Facebook and Flickr.
| - Expression Encoder 4 with SP1
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3 and up; .NET Framework 4.0; Silverlight 4.0
The replacement for Windows Media Encoder, Expression Encoder 4 is a high-performance video encoding program. It is mainly geared toward Silverlight projects but it also exports in Windows Media format, and it includes some video editing features. One excellent feature (which alone makes it worth installing) is the screen capture component, which is easy to use and yields high quality videos that can be immediately opened in Expression Encoder for editing and exporting. The free version of the program leaves out some features, including support for some formats and a ten-minute screen capture limit (a features comparison table can be found here).
| - Photo Story 3
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
A very easy yet powerful program for creating slideshows. The program walks you through each step, providing a variety of different feataures along the way. You can add effects of every sort, from photo effects to transition effects to panning and zooming effects. You can add text to each picture, narration, and background music. Overall I think this program is outstanding, and I wish I had started using it years ago. Just be aware of two things: the only video format it can save is wmv, and WGA validation is required if you download from Microsoft. (Alternate download location | Review)
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| - Word Viewer
System Requirements: Windows 2000 and up
Allows you to view and print Word documents (but you cannot edit them). Formats supported include doc, docx, Microsoft Works documents, WordPerfect documents, and web page formats.
| - Excel Viewer
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
Allows you to view and print spreadsheets created in Microsoft Excel versions 97 through 2010 (but you cannot edit them).
| - PowerPoint Viewer
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3; Windows Vista SP1/SP2 and up
Allows you to view and print PowerPoint presentations created in PowerPoint versions 97 and up (but you cannot edit them).
| - Visio 2010 Viewer
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3; Windows Vista SP1/SP2 and up; Internet Explorer 5, 6, 7, 8
Allows you to view and print Visio diagrams and drawings (but you cannot edit them). Unlike the other Office viewers, Visio Viewer is not a stand-alone program - it opens the diagrams within Internet Explorer.
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| - Microsoft Mathematics
System Requirements: Windows XP and up; .NET Framework 3.5 SP1
This program is targeted primarily for the educational audience, but it can be useful for jobs that require math calculations. It packs in many features, including equation-solving, unit conversion, 2d and 3d graphing, algebra, trigonometry, and even calculus. It can display step-by-step instructions on how to solve a problem, which can be very helpful to students who are learning new math topics. You can also scribble things free-hand as input, and it does a fairly decent job at recognizing everything (although sometimes you may need to redraw some symbols). This program was originally not free, but Microsoft released the newest version as freeware on January 11, 2011. Microsoft also provides Microsoft Mathematics Add-In for Word and OneNote, which adds Microsoft Mathematics features to those programs.
| - Small Basic
System Requirements: Windows XP and up; .NET Framework 3.5
Small Basic provides a programming environment suitable for beginner programmers. It uses a simplified version of the BASIC programming language. Even though it's found in the "Kid's Corner", it can be an excellent learning tool for both kids and adults who are just getting into programming. It includes a PDF tutorial to get you acquainted with the program and walk you through programming concepts.
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| - Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Express
System Requirements: Windows XP SP3 and up
This is a great free set of integrated development environments, essentially lightweight versions of the commercial Visual Studio programs. It consists of Visual Basic Express, Visual C# Express, Visual C++ Express, Visual Web Developer Express, and Windows Phone Developer Tools. It also supports the newer .NET Framework 4. Registration is required within 30 days.
| - SharePoint Designer 2007
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
SharePoint Designer was originally conceived as a way to build SharePoint sites, but SharePoint Designer 2007 can be used as a generic web page editor. Unlike new versions of SharePoint Designer, this one is completely free and does not require a SharePoint server to operate. (Service pack 2 for the program can be downloaded HERE; service pack 1 appears to be included with the program installer.)
| - Microsoft WebMatrix
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
WebMatrix is a web development tool designed to be easy to use. It integrates a web server and database engine, and you can use it to install additional components such as PHP and open-source web applications. You can use page templates or write your own code from scratch. Other features include coding in ASP.NET and PHP, HTML5 support, deployment using FTP or WebDeploy, and building sites that can run on Windows or Linux systems. For those who might be interested, I highly recommend viewing the overview video available on the WebMatrix page. After installation, you can find a help shortcut to some useful online guides in the Start menu.
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| I am aware that these are not downloads, but they are included here because they are definitely worth noting.
| - Windows Live SkyDrive
SkyDrive is an online file hosting service provided to anyone with a Live account (registration is free). It offers an impressive 25GB of online storage for documents, pictures, website favorites, and other files, and you can share these with friends. It includes a search feature so you can find things quickly. Folders on SkyDrive can be added to the Live Mesh program for synchronization with folders on local machines. The one downside is a file size limit of 50MB, so if you're looking to store large files, you'll have to split them or use a different service.(Review)
| - Office Web Apps
An online office suite that lets you create, upload and edit Word, Excel, PowerPoint and OneNote documents. These web apps include common office features and work really well; just bear in mind that they are essentially stripped-down versions of the Office programs and don't have all the features. Office Web Apps has been merged with the SkyDrive service and makes use of its online storage. (Review)
| - Fix it Solution Center
This online service helps troubleshoot common problems encountered in Windows, Office and other Microsoft software. It lets you narrow it down by category and sub-categories to make it easier to find a solution to a specific problem, and it offers a small downloadable executable to automatically fix it.
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| - BlueScreen
It's nice that an internal Microsoft group has a sense of humor. This screensaver from SysInternals simulates the infamous Blue Screen of Death, complete with a simulated reboot. Just a note: if you plan on using this at work, we IT people would appreciate if you run it by us first!
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- Microsoft Virtual PC 2007
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
A virtual machine is a simulated environment in which an operating system can run without actually being installed on real hardware. It can have several uses – some use it to test software without altering their system; others use it to run an older operating system compatible with older software; and some even use it for their Internet usage so any malware encountered will be contained within the virtual environment. Several free options exist for creating and running virtual machines, and one of them is Microsoft Virtual PC. Linux and other non-Microsoft operating systems are not officially supported (although it is possible to get them to work), but it runs versions of Windows just fine.
When you create a virtual machine for a specific operating system, Virtual PC will recommend certain settings (hard drive size, memory), but you can adjust these as desired. Once your guest OS is installed, you can install a set of tools called Virtual Machine Additions that make the virtual machine run more smoothly. It also adds support for seamlessly moving the mouse from the host OS to the guest, drag-and-drop files from the host to the guest, and setting up shared folders. One feature that's especially useful for testing purposes is undo disks, which gives you the option to run a virtual machine without committing the changes to the virtual hard drive. Other virtual machine programs can run a wider range of operating systems, but if you're virtualizing a Microsoft OS, Virtual PC is a solid solution. It hasn't disappointed me in the 4+ years I've used it.
- Windows Virtual PC
System Requirements: Windows 7 only
Windows Virtual PC is the latest version of Virtual PC, exclusively for Windows 7. It only supports (officially) guest operating systems from XP SP3 and up. If you have Windows 7 Professional or higher, you can download and install XP Mode – this installs a pre-configured XP virtual machine and allows you to run applications in the virtual machine while making them appear to run on the host operating system.
- Disk2vhd
System Requirements: Windows XP and up
This utility copies physical drives and partitions and saves them as vhd (virtual hard drive) files, which can be used with Microsoft virtualization software. My experience with it is mostly positive, but it doesn't always give me a bootable virtual machine. Ironically, after trying several fancier programs (including VMware and Paragon), this tiny tool is the only one I've used to successfully convert a Windows 98 computer to a virtual machine. It's not a replacement for more robust physical-to-virtual programs, but it's quick and easy and can be very handy.
| - USB Flash Drive Manager
System Requirements: Windows XP only
This utility provides a convenient way to manage multiple USB flash drives. You can create and restore backup images, browse or delete files on flash drives, and you can optionally set your flash drives to autorun the manager when it's plugged into a computer.
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